High -Speed Machining yog dab tsi?
Nyob ntawm koj nug.
Qee tus neeg kho nws zoo li lub sijhawm ua lag luam-nplua "siab-ceev" ntawm daim ntawv spec thiab them nyiaj ntau dua. Lwm tus tau nkag mus rau hauv cov lus sib cav txog qhov tseeb RPM qhov pib. Cov lus teb muaj txiaj ntsig yog qhov chaw nyob nruab nrab.
High -machining ceev, los yog HSM, feem ntau txhais tau hais tias txiav ntawm speeds tsib mus rau kaum npaug sai dua qhov uas pom tau hais tias ib txwm rau cov khoom muab. Tab sis "ib txwm" hloov pauv raws li cov cuab yeej thiab cov tshuab txhim kho, yog li lub ntsiab lus txav nrog nws. Nees nkaum xyoo dhau los, 8,000 RPM tau nrawm. Tam sim no nkag- theem VMCs ntaus yam tsis tau sim.
Qhov Salomon
Zoo nkauj txhua txhua tsab xov xwm hais txog HSM hais txog Carl Salomon thiab nws 1931 German patent. Nov yog qhov luv luv: nws tau khiav kev sim txiav cov txhuas nrog cov helical mills ntawm qhov nrawm nrawm rau lub sijhawm - txog 16,500 m / min hauv qee qhov kev sim- thiab pom tias qhov ntsuas kub tsis yog nce mus ib txhis. Nws peaks ntawm qee qhov tseem ceeb ceev, tom qab ntawd poob thaum koj mus nrawm dua.
Tus lej patent yog 523594 yog tias koj xav khawb rau hauv nws. Feem ntau ntawm Salomon cov ntawv tshawb fawb thawj zaug tau ploj thaum ua tsov rog, uas yog vim li cas tseem muaj kev sib cav txog qhov nws ntsuas thiab yuav ua li cas. Cov kws tshawb fawb ntawm qhov chaw zoo li Aachen tau siv ntau xyoo los sim tshuaj xyuas nws qhov nkhaus. Qhov kev pom zoo tam sim no yog qhov kev sib raug zoo tseem ceeb, tab sis nws nyuaj dua li kab yooj yim ntawm daim duab.
Vim li cas qhov no tseem ceeb? Vim tias nws qhia txog kev tswj hwm qhov kev txiav sai sai ua kom muaj cua sov tsawg dua hauv qhov chaw ua haujlwm. Thiab rau leej twg machining qhov chaw uas tsis tuaj yeem zam qhov cuam tshuam ntawm thermal distortion- cov phab ntsa nyias, nruj tolerances, complex geometry- yog qhov loj heev.
Kub mus qhov twg?
Nov yog qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev txiav nrawm, tsawg kawg raws li cov ntawv nyeem: cov ntawv nti thiab tawm sai sai uas nws nqa feem ntau ntawm cov txiav kub nrog nws. Qee qhov chaw cuam tshuam cov lej xws li 90% lossis 95%. Ua siab ncaj, ntsuas qhov tseeb yog qhov nyuaj, thiab feem pua nyob ntawm cov khoom siv, cov cuab yeej geometry, coolant, thiab ib pawg ntawm lwm yam hloov pauv.
Dab tsi yooj yim dua rau kev soj ntsuam: ntawm HSM tsis zoo, cov chips tawm los kub -qee zaum xim xiav lossis xim av ntawm cov hlau-thaum qhov nws tus kheej nyob qis qis. Koj tuaj yeem hnov qhov no. Khiav ib qho kev xeem txiav, nres lub tshuab, kov lub workpiece. Nws yuav tsis hlawv koj, txawm tias cov chips yuav.
Rau kev ua haujlwm pwm, qhov no tseem ceeb vim tias cov kab noj hniav muaj txhua yam nta uas ntxub cov cua sov. Nyias tav. Cov hnab tshos tob. Phab ntsa uas yuav luag tsis muaj cua ntsawj ntshab. Tshuab cov conventionally thiab lawv loj hlob thaum txiav, ces shrink thaum lawv txias, thiab koj qhov ntev mus rau qhov chaw koj tsis xav. Tshuab lawv ntawm HSM cov xwm txheej thiab lawv nyob ruaj khov dua thoob plaws.
Tsawg kawg yog qhov kev xav. Cov txiaj ntsig tiag yog nyob ntawm ntau yam. Kuv tau pom cov khw muag khoom nqis peev hauv HSM cov cuab yeej thiab tseem tawm tsam cov teeb meem thermal vim tias lawv qhov kev ua haujlwm tsis nruj txaus, lossis lawv tsis kho lawv cov tswv yim txiav, lossis kaum ob lwm yam.
Cov cuab yeej cuab tam tsis muaj leej twg xav them rau
Koj tsis tuaj yeem ua HSM nrog cov tuav cov cuab yeej tsis tu ncua. Qhov no yog qhov uas cov khw tau ntsib teeb meem-lawv yuav lub siab - spindle ceev thiab sim siv lawv cov cuab yeej CAT40 lossis BT30 uas twb muaj lawm.
Qhov teeb meem Physics
Qhov teeb meem yog lub zog centrifugal. Ntawm 15,000 lossis 20,000 RPM, lub spindle bore nthuav tawm los ntawm centrifugal loading. Ib qho khoom siv shank tsis nthuav tib txoj kev. Lub taper haum loosens. Runout nce mus. Dheev koj tus nqi siab siab -ceev spindle ua rau cov txiaj ntsig tsis zoo dua li koj lub tshuab qub.
Qhov kho yog HSK- tus qauv German (Hohl-Schaft-Kegel, hollow taper shank) uas tau dhau los ua tus qauv ISO hauv nruab nrab-90s. Qhov kev tsim kho hollow cia lub shank nthuav nrog cov ntxaiv, thiab nws tiv tauj ob lub taper thiab lub ntsej muag ib txhij. Clamping quab yuam nce raws li kev ceev nce es tsis txhob nqis.
Dab tsi tsis muaj leej twg qhia rau koj pem hauv ntej: hloov mus rau HSK txhais tau tias hloov koj lub txaj tag nrho. Txhua tus tuav, txhua lub tsho, txhua qhov txuas ntxiv. Ntxiv arbors, ntxiv rau presetters yog tias lawv tsis sib xws. Nws ntxiv ceev. Thiab tom qab ntawd koj xav tau cov neeg uas paub yuav ua li cas los tuav HSK cov cuab yeej kom zoo- nws yog qhov tseeb dua -rhiab dua li cov khoom sib sib zog nqus.
Programming yog ib nrab ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua
Siab - spindles ceev ua tsis tau dab tsi yog hais tias tus toolpath tas li yuam deceleration. Qhov no yog tej zaum qhov loj tshaj disconnect ntawm kev yuav HSM muaj peev xwm thiab siv tiag tiag.
Laus - tsev kawm ntawv pwm programming tsim ntau txhiab tus kab me me rau kwv yees nkhaus. Cov tswj tau ua cov no ib zaug. Ntawm cov pa pub, zoo. Ntawm HSM pub, kev tswj tsis tuaj yeem khaws cia. Lub tshuab qeeb qeeb, catches, nrawm, qeeb dua. Koj tau txais cov lus tsa suab thiab ua tim khawv rau ntawm qhov chaw.
Niaj hnub nimno CAM siv spline interpolation hloov dua siab tshiab -NURBS nkhaus uas hloov ntau pua ntu nrog ib tug lej txhais. Qhov kev zov me nyuam tau luv dua. Tus tswj tuaj yeem saib ua ntej ntxiv. Pub nyob ib puag ncig los ntawm complex geometry.
Tab sis NURBS kev txhawb nqa nws txawv ntawm CAM systems thiab kev tswj lub tshuab. Thiab kev teeb tsa kom raug siv qhov kev paub uas tsis yog txhua tus programmer muaj. Kuv paub cov khw muag khoom siv HSM kim nrog CAM tsis tu ncua, tsim kab -segment toolpaths, xav paub vim li cas lawv tsis pom cov txiaj ntsig lawv xav tau.
Lub tswv yim txiav kuj hloov. Pa roughing yuav hnyav txiav ntawm qeeb feeds -faus lub cutter, thawb nyuaj. HSM roughing siv lub teeb radial kev koom tes ntawm cov khoom noj siab. Lub cutter nyob twj ywm loaded, tab sis yeej tsis overloaded. quab yuam nyob qis. Nyias phab ntsa tsis deflect. Cov cuab yeej me tsis tawg.
Tau txais txoj cai no yuav tsum tau CAM software uas txhawb nqa tas li - cov cuab yeej kev sib koom tes thiab cov programmers uas nkag siab thaum siv lawv. Lub tshuab yuav luag yog qhov yooj yim.
Rau cov khw muag khoom pwm
Txawm hais tias ib qho ntawm qhov teeb meem no nyob ntawm seb koj tab tom tsim dab tsi.
Cov pwm nyuaj- cov kab sib txuas sib txuas, qhov chaw kho qhov muag, cov cores nyias, kaw nruj- tawm - tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo tshaj plaws. Lub sij hawm koj yuav siv haum thiab polishing ntawm lub rooj ntev zaum hloov mus rau spindle lub sij hawm, uas yog ntau kwv yees, ntau dua. Nto tiav ntawm lub tshuab txhim kho kom txaus uas phau ntawv ua haujlwm poob qis heev. EDM kev cia siab poob qis vim tias koj tuaj yeem zeb nta uas siv los xav tau electrodes.
Cov pwm yooj yim nrog rau siab dav? Kev them rov qab tsis tshua pom tseeb. Pa machining tej zaum yuav pab tau zoo xwb.
Feem ntau txhaj tshuaj pwm ua hauj lwm ntog nyob rau hauv ib qho chaw nyob nruab nrab. Cov lus nug tsis yog seb HSM puas ua haujlwm - uas tau tsim. Cov lus nug yog seb koj txoj hauj lwm sib tov puas tsim nyog rau kev nqis peev hauv cov cuab yeej siv, cuab yeej, software, thiab kev cob qhia. Qhov ntawd yog qhov sib txawv rau txhua lub khw.
Ib yam uas kuv yuav hais: qhov sib txawv ntawm cov khw uas muaj peev xwm HSM tiag tiag thiab cov khw uas tsis nthuav dav. Lub sij hawm ua cov kev cia siab ua kom nruj. Surface specs tau txais kev xav tau ntau dua. Cov neeg siv khoom nrog kev ua haujlwm nyuaj yog tsom mus rau cov neeg muag khoom uas tuaj yeem xa nws. Txawm hais tias lub siab siv rau koj yog nyob ntawm koj txoj haujlwm ua lag luam.
Tsis muaj lus teb universal. Tab sis yog tias koj poob nqe lus ntawm kev ua haujlwm nyuaj, lossis koj lub zog ua haujlwm tau nce siab, lossis cov neeg siv khoom pheej thov kom rov ua haujlwm sai dua ntawm cov haujlwm tsis sib xws -cov no yog cov cim tsim nyog tau txais kev saib xyuas.