Hlau Txhaj Tshuaj Moulding
Kev txhaj tshuaj hlau (MIM) yog cov txheej txheem kev ua haujlwm hlau uas cov hmoov hlau sib xyaw ua ke nrog cov khoom siv sib xyaw kom tsim kom tau "pub khoom noj" uas yog tom qab ntawd ua kom zoo nkauj thiab siv cov ntawv txhaj tshuaj . Cov txheej txheem molding tso cai rau siab ntim, ntau seem yuav tsim los ntawm cov kauj ruam ib leeg. Tom qab moulding, ib feem undergoes txias kev ua haujlwm kom tshem tawm tus binder (debinding) thiab densify cov hmoov. Cov khoom tiav yog cov khoom me me siv ntau hauv kev lag luam thiab kev siv.
Kev coj tus cwj pwm ntawm MIM pub tsiaj yog tswj hwm los ntawm rheology , kawm txog sludges, ncua kev kawm, thiab lwm cov kua hauv Newtonian.
Vim tias cov khoom siv tam sim no txwv, cov khoom lag luam yuav tsum tau txhaj tshuaj pwm siv ntau thiab tsawg ntawm 100 grams lossis tsawg dua rau ib "tua" rau hauv pwm. Qhov koob tshuaj no tuaj yeem muab faib rau ntau qhov chaw kab noj hniav, ua MIM tus nqi zoo rau cov khoom me me, cov khoom zoo, uas muaj ntau cov khoom lag luam, uas txwv tsis pub tsim cov khoom lag luam yuav kim heev. MIM kev pub khoom noj tuaj yeem tsim tau los ntawm cov plethora ntawm cov hlau, tab sis feem ntau cov hlau tsis muaj steel, dav siv hauv cov hmoov metallurgy . Tom qab pib moulding, phau ntawv pub khoom noj khoom haus raug tshem tawm, thiab cov ntawv xov hlau yog diffusion sib khi thiab sib zog kom ua tiav cov yam ntxwv xav tau. Txoj haujlwm tom kawg ua rau shrinks cov khoom los ntawm 15% hauv txhua qhov ntev.
Kev lag luam txhaj tshuaj molding tau loj hlob los ntawm US $ 9 lab nyob rau xyoo 1986, nce mus txog $ 382 lab nyob rau xyoo 2004 txog ntau tshaj li $ 1.5 txhiab daus las rau xyoo 2015. Lub tshuab ntsig txog cov tshuab yog ceramic hmoov txhaj molding, ua rau kwv yees li ntawm $ 2 txhiab daus las tag nrho kev muag khoom. Feem ntau ntawm txoj kev loj hlob hauv xyoo tsis ntev los no tau nyob hauv Asia.
Txheej Txheem
Cov txheej txheem cov txheej txheem koom nrog kev sib xyaw cov hmoov hlau nrog cov polymers xws li siv quav ciab thiab polypropylene khi los tsim cov khoom noj "sib xyaw" uas tau txhaj ua kua rau hauv cov pwm siv cov yas txhaj tshuaj txhaj tshuab. Cov pwm lossis "ntu ntsuab" yog txias thiab tawm ntawm pwm los. Tom ntej no, ib feem ntawm cov khoom siv binder raug tshem tawm siv cov kuab tshuaj, cua sov, cov txheej txheem tsim tawm, lossis kev sib txuas ua ke. Qhov txiaj ntsig, tsis yooj yim thiab ntxeem tau (40 ntim feem pua "huab cua") feem, yog nyob rau hauv ib qho xwm txheej hu ua "xim av" theem. Txhawm rau txhawm rau txhim kho ntau zaus kev daws teeb meem thiab sintering tau muab tso ua ke rau hauv ib qho txheej txheem. Sintering muab cov hmoov ua kom kub kub nyob ze rau qhov chaw yaj nyob hauv qhov cub tawg ua kom lub qhov muag ua kom qhov tawm ntawm cov xaum hluav taws xob siv cov txheej txheem hu ua sintering . MIM ntu feem ntau ua rau qhov kub ntawm qhov siab yuav luag txaus rau qhov tawm ib feem ntawm cov yaj hauv cov txheej txheem hu ua kua theem sintering. Piv txwv li, cov hlau tsis xeb yuav raug kub txog 1350 txog 1400 degrees Celsius). Cov nqi sib txawv muaj qhov siab ua rau muab cov shrinkage thiab densification ntau. Yog tias ua rau hauv lub tshuab nqus tsev, nws yog qhov nquag nce mus txog 96–99% cov khoom ntom ntom. Cov khoom lag luam kawg hlau tau sib piv cov khoom siv thiab lub cev nrog cov khoom siv tsis muaj zog ua rau siv cov txheej txheem kev ua haujlwm hlau. Cov kev kho mob tshav kub sintering rau MIM yog tib yam li nrog lwm cov kev tsim, thiab nrog lub siab ntom ntom MIM tivthaiv yog sib xws nrog cov hlau kho kev kho mob xws li plating , passivating , annealing, carburizing, nitriding, thiab nag lossis daus tawv.
Cov ntawv thov
Lub qhov rai ntawm nyiaj txiag tau txais txiaj ntsig hauv cov hlau txhaj moulded qhov chaw nyob hauv cov nyom thiab ntim rau qhov loj-me qhov me. MIM cov ntaub ntawv yog sib piv nrog cov hlau tsim los ntawm kev sib tw, thiab cov khoom kawg yog siv ntau hom kev lag luam, kev lag luam, kev kho mob, kho hniav, phom, aerospace , thiab kev siv hauv tsheb . Kev ntsuas qhov siab rau ± 0.3% yog ib qho uas dhau los thiab kev siv lub tshuab ua haujlwm xav tau rau kev ua kom siab dua. MIM tuaj yeem tsim qhov chaw uas nws tsis yooj yim, lossis txawm tias tsis yooj yim sua, los ua cov khoom lag luam zoo los ntawm lwm txoj kev tsim tau. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws, qhov tsawg kawg 75 qhov kev qhia tshwj xeeb hauv qhov sib xyaw ua ke tsuas yog 25 hli qhov loj tshaj qhov loj tshaj plaws thiab 10 g huab hwm coj yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws - xws li piv txwv xav tau rau saib cov rooj plaub, xov tooj ntawm tes thiab laptop computer hinges. Cov nqi nce rau cov qauv kev lag luam ib txwm muaj rau qhov nyuaj, xws li sab hauv / sab nraud xov, miniaturization, lossis cim cim, feem ntau tsis nce tus nqi hauv kev ua haujlwm MIM vim qhov yooj ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj molding.
Lwm qhov kev tsim muaj peev xwm uas tuaj yeem siv rau hauv MIM kev ua haujlwm suav nrog cov khoom lag luam, tus lej naj npawb, lossis hnub ntaus cim; qhov chaw tsim khoom rau lawv cov luj txo cov khoom pov tseg thiab nqi; Kev tswj hwm qhov ceev tau rau hauv 95–98%; Amalgamation ntawm qhov seem thiab Complex 3D Geometries.
Lub peev xwm los ua ke ob peb txoj haujlwm rau hauv ib txoj kev ua kom MIM ua tiav rau kev txuag cov sij hawm txhuas nrog rau cov nqi, muab cov txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb rau cov tuam ntxhab. Cov txheej txheem kev txhaj tshuaj hlau yuav yog lub thev naus laus zis tshuab vim qhov tseem ceeb txo qis hauv kev sib txuam nrog piv rau "kev ib txwm ua" kev tsim khoom xws li 5 axis CNC machining. Txawm li cas los xij, qee qhov kev ua haujlwm qub dhau los tsim cov pa phem xws li formaldehyde, pov tseg cov tshuaj chlorinated tawm, thiab yuav tsum hlawv cov ciab lossis lwm cov polymers, uas ua rau kom cov pa roj paug tawm.
Muaj qhov ntau ntawm cov khoom siv tau thaum siv MIM cov txheej txheem. Cov txheej txheem kev ua haujlwm hlau tsis tu ncua feem ntau koom nrog cov ntau ntawm cov khoom siv pov tseg, uas ua rau MIM ntau txoj hauv kev xaiv rau cov ntaub ntawm cov khoom sib xyaw uas muaj cov khoom kim / tshwj xeeb ( cobalt-chrome , 17-4 PH stainless hlau , titanium alloys thiab tungsten carbides ). MIM yog qhov kev xaiv siv tau thaum lub plhaws txheej txheem nyias nyias (xws li 100 micrometers) yuav tsum muaj. Tsis tas li ntawd, EMI kev tiv thaiv ( Electromagnetic cuam tshuam ) yuav tsum tau nthuav tawm cov kev sib tw tsis sib xws, uas tau ua tiav kev ua tiav los ntawm kev siv cov tshuaj tshwj xeeb.