milling yog dab tsi?

milling yog dab tsi?

Nyob rau hauv lub milling ntawm pwm qhov chaw, lub ntsiab hom ntawm milling tshuab muaj xws li kab rov tav milling tshuab, ntsug milling tshuab, gantry milling tshuab, thiab universal milling tshuab. Feem ntau siv yog ntsug milling tshuab thiab universal milling tshuab, uas muaj peev xwm ua tiav machining raug ntawm IT8 los yog siab dua thiab nto roughness Ra ntawm 1.6μm. Yog tias siab- nrawm, qis- ntim milling yog siv, qhov tseeb workpiece tuaj yeem ncav cuag IT7, thiab qhov roughness Ra tuaj yeem ncav cuag 0.8μm. Thaum lub sij hawm milling, ib tug 0.05mm tag nyiaj pub dawb, thiab ua tiav los ntawm ib tug fitter yog txaus. Thaum siab precision yog yuav tsum tau, milling tsuas yog ib nrab txheej txheem, thiab ntxiv cov txheej txheem tiav yog xav tau tom qab milling.

Milling yog ib txoj kev machining uas ua rau ntawm lub tshuab milling siv lub tshuab milling. Thaum lub sij hawm milling, lub milling cutter ua lub ntsiab lus teb, thaum lub workpiece los yog lub milling cutter ua lub feed mov. Lub milling cutter yog ntau- cov cuab yeej txiav hniav, thiab ntau hom milling cutters yuav tsum tau nyob ntawm qhov khoom siv milling.

Rau planar milling, cylindrical kawg mills tuaj yeem siv rau peripheral milling, lossis lub ntsej muag mills tuaj yeem siv rau qhov kawg milling, raws li qhia hauv daim duab 3-14. Piv rau peripheral milling, kawg milling muaj ntau cov hniav ua hauj lwm ib txhij, ua rau tsawg variation nyob rau hauv tej thickness, ib tug loj kev sib cuag cheeb tsam ntawm lub cutter thiab lub workpiece, ib tug smoother txiav txheej txheem, thiab lub finishing hniav ntawm lub ntsej muag mills yuav polish lub machined nto, ua rau zoo machining zoo. Tsis tas li ntawd, lub ntsej muag mills muaj rigidity siab, thiab qhov txiav feem ntau yog siv carbide inserts, tso cai rau kev txiav loj dua. Feem ntau, tag nrho cov chaw ua haujlwm tuaj yeem ua tiav hauv ib qho dhau los, ua rau muaj kev ua haujlwm siab. Yog li ntawd, kev siv lub ntsej muag mills ntawm ntsug milling tshuab rau machining planar los yog inclined nto yog dav siv nyob rau hauv lub machining ntawm pwm qhov chaw.

Lub ntsiab clamping txoj kev rau qhov chaw ntawm lub tshuab milling yog: clamping nrog lub tiaj tus - lub puab tsaig vise; clamping nrog universal indexing taub hau; ncaj qha clamping lub workpiece ntawm lub milling tshuab worktable nrog ib tug clamping phaj thiab bolts; thiab siv tshwj xeeb fixtures rau clamping nyob rau hauv batch ntau lawm, xws li cov nram qab no fixtures thiab mechanisms uas yog sib xws nrog milling tshuab:

① Muab txoj haujlwm thiab txhawb nqa cov cuab yeej siv los ncaj qha rau txoj haujlwm thiab clamp workpieces mus rau lub rooj ua haujlwm; qib- hom clamping mechanisms uas muaj cov phaj siab thiab bolts lossis eccentric Cheebtsam.

② General-lub hom phiaj precision tiaj- lub puab tsaig vises rau qhov chaw, clamping, thiab kho ntawm lub rooj ua haujlwm.

③ Universal indexing taub hau ntsia ntawm lub rooj ua haujlwm.

④ Spindle-hom, kab rov tav- spindle- hom, thiab universal rotary indexing worktables mounted ntawm lub tshuab milling worktable.

⑤ Feem ntau siv phau ntawv thiab motorized rotary worktables.

Workpieces thiab machined nto uas tuaj yeem milled yog pom hauv daim duab 3-15. Daim duab 3-15(a) qhia dav hlau milling, Daim duab 3-15(b) mus rau 3-15(d) qhia peb-dimensional concave kab noj hniav milling, thiab daim duab 3-15(e) qhia txoj kev punch milling. Thaum lub sij hawm machining, txij li lub workpiece dawb paug feem ntau yog hexahedral, nws lub dav hlau hauv qab feem ntau yog siv los ua thawj machining datum, nyob rau ntawm lub rooj milling tshuab, txwv tsis pub lub workpiece peb degrees ntawm kev ywj pheej: z (rotation), y (rotation), thiab z (txhais). Tib lub sijhawm, ob sab ntawm lub workpiece yog siv los ua qhov chaw dav hlau nyob hauv X thiab Y cov lus qhia kom txwv z (tso), x (txhais lus), thiab y (txhais lus). Tom qab clamping lub workpiece, tag nrho rau qib ntawm kev ywj pheej raug txwv tag nrho.

Ib qho tshwj xeeb fixture kuj tuaj yeem tsim thiab tsim raws li lub workpiece rau 6 qhov chaw datums. Thaum lub workpiece yog clamped nyob rau hauv lub fixture rau milling, cov nram qab no yuav tsum tau ua kom paub tseeb tias:

① Xyuas kom meej tias qhov kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo ntawm txhua qhov chaw ua haujlwm nyob rau hauv qhov kev tso cai.

② Ua kom cov duab raug ntawm txhua qhov chaw machined, piv txwv li, xyuas kom meej tias cov duab tolerances ntawm lub tshuab ua haujlwm ua tau raws li cov qauv tsim.

③ Ua kom ntseeg tau qhov kev xav tau qhov tseeb ntawm qhov chaw ua haujlwm.

Nyob rau hauv milling, kev sib hloov ntawm lub milling cutter yog thawj tsab ntawv tsa suab, thaum lub linear los yog curvilinear txav ntawm lub workpiece raws lub worktable yog lub mov mov. Lub ntsiab milling tsis muaj xws li milling ceev, pub tus nqi, qhov tob ntawm txiav, thiab pub tus nqi.

Milling ceev (vₙ) yog hais txog cov kab nrawm ntawm qhov txiav ntawm qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm lub tshuab txiav.

Pub tus nqi nyob rau hauv milling yog qhia nyob rau hauv peb txoj kev:

① Pub ib tus hniav f_z: Qhov kev ncua deb ntawm lub workpiece txav raws qhov kev coj noj coj ua ntawm ib tus hniav uas lub tshuab txiav hla dhau, ntsuas hauv mm / z. f_z yog lub hauv paus rau xaiv tus nqi pub.

② Pub ib lub kiv puag ncig fᵣ: Qhov kev ncua deb ntawm lub workpiece txav raws cov kev taw qhia pub rau ib lub kiv puag ncig ntawm milling cutter, ntsuas hauv mm / r.

③ Pub ib feeb fₘ: Qhov kev ncua deb ntawm lub milling cutter txav mus rau lub workpiece nyob rau hauv cov kev taw qhia pub ib feeb, ntsuas nyob rau hauv mm / min. Hauv kev xyaum, fₘ feem ntau yog siv los kho lub tshuab cuab yeej pub tus nqi.

Cov kev sib raug zoo hauv qab no muaj nyob nruab nrab ntawm f_z, fᵣ, thiab fₘ:

milling

Nyob rau hauv cov mis, n sawv cev rau milling cutter ceev, nyob rau hauv r / min.

Qhov tob ntawm kev txiav (aₚ) nyob rau hauv milling yog qhov kev ncua deb ntawm lub workpiece thiab machined nto, piv txwv li, qhov tob uas lub milling cutter penetrates lub workpiece.

Tus nqi pub (vᵢ) yog hais txog qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov chaw ua haujlwm thiab lub tshuab txiav milling raws li kev coj noj coj ua hauv ib lub sijhawm, ntsuas hauv mm / min. Nws muaj feem xyuam rau lub milling cutter ceev n, tus naj npawb ntawm cov hniav z, thiab pub rau ib tug hniav f_z (hauv mm / z).

Cov mis rau xam tus nqi pub yog:

milling

Nyob rau hauv cov mis, pub rau ib tug hniav f feem ntau yog nyob ntawm tej yam xws li cov neeg kho tshuab zog ntawm lub workpiece thiab cov cuab yeej cov ntaub ntawv, thiab cov nto roughness yuav tsum tau ntawm lub workpiece. Thaum cov khoom siv ua haujlwm muaj lub zog siab thiab hardness, qhov siab ntawm qhov roughness yuav tsum, tsis zoo workpiece rigidity, los yog cov cuab yeej tsis muaj zog, f yuav tsum yog tus nqi me dua. Qhov pub rau ib tus hniav ntawm carbide kawg mills yog siab tshaj qhov zoo sib xws high -ceev steel kawg mills. Cov lus siv rau kev xaiv qhov pub rau ib tus hniav yog qhia hauv Table 3-4.

Table 3-4 Reference Table for Feed per Tooth of Milling Cutters

Unit: mm

Khoom siv ua haujlwm	Cylindrical Milling Cutter	Lub ntsej muag Milling Cutter	End Mill	Shank Milling Cutter	Daim Ntawv Milling Cutter	Siab -Speed Steel Cutter	Cemented Carbide Cutter
Yav dhau los Cov ntaub ntawv rooj
Cam khwb cia hlau	0.2	0.2	0.07	0.05	0.04	0.3	0.1
Mos (Medium{0}}Hard) Steel	0.2	0.2	0.07	0.05	0.04	0.3	0.09
Hard hlau	0.15	0.15	0.06	0.04	0.03	0.2	0.08
Chrome Hlau	0.1	0.1	0.05	0.02	0.02	0.15	0.06
Siab -Nickel Chrome Hlau	0.1	0.1	0.04	0.02	0.02	0.15	0.05
Malleable Cam khwb cia hlau	0.2	0.15	0.07	0.05	0.04	0.3	0.09
Grey Cam khwb cia hlau	0.15	0.1	0.07	0.05	0.04	0.2	0.08
Phosphor Bronze	0.15	0.15	0.07	0.05	0.04	0.3	0.1
tooj dag	0.2	0.2	0.07	0.05	0.04	0.3	0.21
Cov ntaub ntawv rooj tam sim no
Aluminium	0.1	0.1	0.07	0.05	0.04	0.2	0.1
Al-Si Alloy	0.1	0.1	0.07	0.05	0.04	0.18	0.08
Mg-Al-Zn Alloy	0.1	0.1	0.07	0.04	0.03	0.15	0.08
Al-Cu-Mg Alloy	0.15	0.1	0.7	0.05	0.04	0.2	0.1

Lub milling ceev (vₙ) ntawm ib tug milling cutter yog inversely proportional rau lub neej T, pub ib tug hniav f_z, qhov tob ntawm txiav aₚ, qhov tob ntawm txiav aₑ, thiab tus naj npawb ntawm cov hniav z, thiab ncaj proportional rau lub cutter txoj kab uas hla d. Qhov no yog vim hais tias raws li f_z, aₚ, aₑ, thiab z nce, cov hniav ua hauj lwm ib txhij nce, ua rau muaj zog txiav ntug load thiab kub, accelerating cov cuab yeej hnav. Yog li ntawd, cov cuab yeej lub neej txwv qhov nce ntawm kev txiav ceev. Ua kom txoj kab uas hla cutter txhim kho cov cua sov dissipation, yog li ua kom lub milling ceev raws li. Table 3-5 teev cov nqi siv rau milling speeds.

Table 3-5 Reference Values of Milling Cutter Ceev

Chav tsev: m/min

Khoom siv ua haujlwm	Carbon Steel	Siab -Speed Steel	Luv Siab -Speed Steel	Cobalt-Based Cemented Carbide	Tungsten -Cobalt Cemented Carbide	Titanium{0}}Tungsten-Cobalt Cemented Carbide
Hlau	-	6~42	-	-	-	36~150
Aluminium	75~150	150~300	-	240~450	-	300~600
Brass (Soft)	12~25	20~50	-	45~75	-	100~180
Bronze (Huab)	10~20	20~40	-	30~50	-	60~130
Bronze (Ntxiv Hard)	-	10~15	15~20	-	-	40~60
Cam khwb cia hlau (Soft)	10~12	15~25	18~35	28~40	-	75~100
Cam khwb cia hlau (Hard)	-	10~15	10~20	18~28	-	45~60
Cam khwb cia hlau (Chilled Hard)	-	-	10~15	12~18	-	30~60
(Liab kab)	-	20~30	25~40	35~45	-	75~110
Malleable Cam khwb cia hlau	10~15	-	20~30	-	-	-
Tooj liab (Soft)	10~14	18~28	-	-	45~75	-
Tooj liab (Medium)	10~15	15~25	18~28	-	40~60	-
Tooj (Hard)	-	10~15	12~20	-	30~45	-

milling yog dab tsi?

milling

Cov khoom siv milling

Kev xaiv cov cuab yeej milling

Workpiece clamping thiab positioning txoj kev

Milling tsis