Txoj kev Polishing yog dab tsi?
Txheej txheem polishing
Qhov saum npoo zoo ntawm cov khoom yas muaj xws li qhov tsis xws luag xws li blemishes, streaks, indentations, cua npuas, thiab discoloration, nrog rau nto gloss thiab nto roughness. Ntau yam cuam tshuam rau qhov zoo ntawm cov khoom yas; Lub ntsiab yam tseem ceeb yog machined nto zoo ntawm cov pwm thiab cov txheej txheem molding tej yam kev mob ntawm cov yas.
Lub machined nto zoo ntawm cov pwm, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nto roughness ntawm kab noj hniav, yog lub ntsiab yam tseem ceeb cuam tshuam rau saum npoo zoo ntawm cov khoom yas. Qhov kev sib raug zoo ntawm kab noj hniav nto roughness thiab nto roughness Ra ntawm qhov feem ntau yog tias qhov roughness Ra ntawm pwm kab noj hniav feem ntau yog 1 txog 2 qib siab dua qhov zoo ntawm cov khoom yas. Tam sim no, qhov chaw roughness Ra ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj pwm feem ntau yog 0.04 μm rau 1.25 μm, thiab qhov roughness Ra ntawm pwm kab noj hniav feem ntau yog 0.02 μm rau 0.63 μm.
Cov pob tshab yuav tsum muaj qhov sib npaug ntawm qhov roughness rau ob qho tib si kab noj hniav thiab cov tub ntxhais. Rau qhov opaque qhov chaw, qhov roughness ntawm qhov chaw yuav ntau dua rau cov uas tsis yog - mating nto thiab qhov chaw nkaum, nyob ntawm daim ntawv thov.
Nyob ntawm qhov yuav tsum tau ua ntawm ib feem, qee zaum cov pwm pwm yuav tsum tau polished. Polishing yog txheej txheem tseem ceeb heev hauv kev tsim pwm thiab tseem yog txheej txheem kawg hauv kev ua pwm. Raws li qhov xav tau ntawm cov khoom siv yas nce, qhov zoo ntawm pwm kab noj hniav nto polishing kuj nce ntxiv, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov pwm xav tau daim iav -zoo li thiab siab- gloss nto, uas ua rau muaj kev xav tau ntau dua ntawm cov pwm saum npoo roughness thiab yog li ntawm polishing. Polishing tsis tsuas yog nce tus nqi ntawm cov pwm, tab sis kuj txhim kho cov khoom ntawm qhov chaw corrosion thiab hnav tsis kam, thiab pab txhawb kev tom qab.txhaj tshuaj moldingntau lawm, xws li ua cov khoom yas yooj yim rau demold thiab txo lub voj voog ntau lawm rautxhaj tshuaj molding ua factories.
Txoj kev siv polishing feem ntau tam sim no suav nrog cov hauv qab no:
Mechanical Polishing
Mechanical polishing yog txoj kev polishing uas ua tiav qhov chaw du los ntawm kev txiav, yas deformation ntawm cov khoom nto, thiab tom qab flattening ntawm cov cheeb tsam tsa. Nws tsuas yog siv cov roj pob zeb, cov log ntaub plaub, cov ntawv xuab zeb, thiab lwm yam, feem ntau yog los ntawm kev tuav haujlwm, nrog rau cov cuab yeej pabcuam xws li turntables rau qhov tshwj xeeb xws li lub cev hloov. Rau cov kev xav tau zoo ntawm qhov chaw, kev sib tsoo superfine tuaj yeem siv. Cov tshuab no tuaj yeem ua tiav qhov roughness Ra ntawm 0.008 μm thiab yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws ntawm txhua txoj kev polishing. Txoj kev no feem ntau yog siv rau optical lens pwm los ntawm cov kws tshaj lijtxhaj tshuaj molding iav polishing lwm tus neeg.
Txhawm rau kom ua tiav cov txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm - polishing tau zoo, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom muaj cov cuab yeej polishing zoo thiab cov khoom siv xws li roj pob zeb, ntawv xuab zeb, thiab pob zeb diamond abrasive pastes. Qhov kev xaiv ntawm polishing txheej txheem yog nyob ntawm thawj qhov chaw tom qab ua ntej, xws li machining, hluav taws xob paug machining (EDM), los yog sib tsoo.
Cov txheej txheem dav dav rau txhua yam polishing siv los ntawm feem ntautxhaj tshuaj molding pwm polishing factoriesyog raws li nram no:
Coarse Sib tsoo
Nto tom qab milling, EDM, sib tsoo, thiab lwm yam txheej txheem tuaj yeem polished siv lub tshuab nto polishing lossis lub tshuab sib tsoo ultrasonic rotating ntawm 35000 txog 40000 r / min. Txoj hauv kev zoo tshaj plaws yog siv 3 hli lossis 4 hli txoj kab uas hla lub log kom tshem tawm cov txheej dawb ntawm EDM, thiab tom qab ntawd siv cov ntawv xuab zeb thiab abrasive oilstone rau kev sib tsoo, pib nrog cov nplaum - zoo li cov roj pob zeb. Oilstones feem ntau dipped nyob rau hauv kerosene rau lubrication los yog txias. Cov txheej txheem raug rau cov ntawv xuab zeb thiab cov roj zeb yog # 180 → # 240 → # 320 → # 400 → # 600 → # 800 → # 1000. Ntautxhaj tshuaj molding manufacturersxaiv pib ntawm #400 kom txuag sijhawm.
Semi- polishing zoo
Feem ntau siv cov ntawv xuab zeb thiab roj av, nrog cov ntawv xuab zeb sib txuas ua ke: # 400 → # 600 → # 800 → # 1000 → # 1200 → # 1500. Hauv kev muaj tiag, #1500 grit sandpaper tsuas yog tsim rau cov hlau tawv tawv (Ntau dua lossis sib npaug ntawm 52HRC thiab siab dua), thiab tsis haum rau ua ntej- cov hlau tawv tawv, vim nws tuaj yeem ua rau lub ntsej muag ua ntej - hardened steel qhov chaw.
Zoo Polishing
Feem ntau siv pob zeb diamond abrasive muab tshuaj txhuam. Feem ntau, polishing daim ntaub log sib xyaw nrog pob zeb diamond abrasive hmoov los yog abrasive muab tshuaj txhuam yog siv rau kev sib tsoo. Kev sib tsoo ib txwm yog 9 μm (# 1800) → 6 μm (# 3000) → 3 μm (# 8000). Lub 9 μm pob zeb diamond abrasive muab tshuaj txhuam thiab polishing daim ntaub log yog siv los tshem tawm cov cim kos sab laug los ntawm # 1200 thiab # 1500 grit sandpaper. Tom qab ntawd, polishing yog ua nrog cov nplaum nplaum thiab pob zeb diamond abrasive muab tshuaj txhuam, nyob rau hauv ib theem ntawm 1 μm (# 14000) → 0.5 μm (# 60000) → 0.25 μm (# 100000).
Daim iav tiav
Cov txheej txheem polishing saum toj no 1 μm (# 15000 qib) tuaj yeem nqa tawm hauv chav polishing huv hauv lub rooj ua haujlwm pwm. Txhawm rau polishing meej dua, yuav tsum muaj qhov chaw huv huv. Plua plav, pa taws, dandruff, thiab qaub ncaug tuaj yeem ua rau lub ntsej muag polished tiav tom qab ob peb teev ua haujlwm.
Kev polishing ntawm cov kab noj hniav thiab cov hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm ib qho kev ntxig- hom txhaj pwm yog ua tiav siv cov txheej txheem polishing, sib tsoo nrog phau ntawv xuab zeb thiab abrasive oilstone. Cov ntawv xuab zeb ua ntu zus rau polishing yog # 240 → # 320 → # 400 → # 600 → # 800 → # 1000.
Oilstones yog dipped nyob rau hauv kerosene rau polishing.
Cov tub ntxhais ua ntej polishing yog pom nyob rau hauv daim duab 6-11, qhov chaw machining cov cim pom tseeb. Kev tuav polishing yog qhia hauv daim duab 6-12. Cov txheej txheem polishing yuav tsis tau piav qhia hauv qab no.
Cov tub ntxhais tom qab polishing yog qhia hauv daim duab 6-13. Cov chaw tsim khoom ua yeeb yaj kiab tuaj yeem pom nyob rau hauv cov chaw qiv ntawv ntawm Tuam Tshoj University MOOC "Mould Manufacturing Technology" (Course No.: 0802SUST006), hauv "core polishing.mp4" cov ntaub ntawv hauv qab "cov ntaub ntawv yeeb yaj duab" nplaub tshev.
Tshuaj Polishing
Tshuaj polishing yog txheej txheem uas cov microscopic protrusions ntawm cov khoom nto nyiam dua yaj piv rau cov kev nyuaj siab nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj nruab nrab, uas ua rau ib tug du nto. Lub ntsiab kom zoo dua ntawm txoj kev no yog tias cov cuab yeej siv tsis tas yuav tsum muaj; Nws tuaj yeem polish workpieces nrog cov duab nyuaj, polish ntau workpieces ib txhij, thiab muaj kev ua haujlwm siab. Txoj kev no feem ntau tau txais los ntawmtxhaj tshuaj molding pwm tshuaj polishing lwm tus neeg. Qhov saum npoo roughness tau los ntawm tshuaj polishing yog feem ntau nyob rau hauv thaj tsam ntawm kaum ntawm μm.
Electropolishing
Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm electropolishing yog tib yam li tshuaj polishing, lub ntsiab lus nws xaiv dissolves lub microscopic protrusions ntawm cov khoom nto kom cov nto du. Piv rau tshuaj polishing, nws tuaj yeem tshem tawm cov kev cuam tshuam ntawm anode thiab cathode cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, ua rau muaj txiaj ntsig zoo dua. Cov txheej txheem electropolishing tau muab faib ua ob theem:
(1) Macro-leveling: Cov khoom tawg tau tawg mus rau hauv cov electrolyte, thiab cov khoom nto roughness nce, Ra> 1 μm.
(2) Micro-brightening: Anodic polarization tshwm sim, qhov ci ntsa iab nce, Ra <1 μm.
Ultrasonic polishing
Lub workpiece yog muab tso rau hauv ib qho abrasive ncua kev kawm ntawv thiab muab tso ua ke nyob rau hauv ib tug ultrasonic teb. Lub vibration ntawm ultrasonic tsis ua rau lub abrasive polish thiab zom cov nto ntawm workpiece. Ultrasonic ua muaj ib tug me me macroscopic quab yuam thiab yuav tsis ua rau deformation ntawm lub workpiece, tab sis kev tsim thiab installation ntawm cov cuab yeej yog nyuaj dua. Kev ua ultrasonic tuaj yeem ua ke nrog cov tshuaj los yog electrochemical txoj kev.
Polishing kua
Cov kua polishing ua tiav nws lub hom phiaj los ntawm kev tso siab rau siab - cov kua dej nrawm thiab cov khoom abrasive nws nqa los txhuam qhov chaw ua haujlwm. Cov txheej txheem muaj xws li abrasive dav hlau machining, kua dav hlau machining, thiab hydrodynamic sib tsoo.
Sib nqus Abrasive Polishing
Sib nqus abrasive polishing siv cov hlau nplaum abrasives los tsim cov txhuam txhuam hauv qab kev ua ntawm cov hlau nplaum, uas grinds thiab polishes lub workpiece. Txoj kev no muaj kev ua haujlwm siab, ua haujlwm zoo, tswj tau yooj yim ntawm kev ua haujlwm, thiab kev ua haujlwm zoo. Nrog rau qhov tsim nyog abrasives, qhov roughness ntawm Ra tuaj yeem ncav cuag 0.1 μm, thiab siv tau los ntawmtxhaj tshuaj molding precision pwm polishing muab kev pabcuam.