Txoj kev sib tsoo ntawm kev tuag hauv lub neej yuav tsum them nyiaj ntau dua
Tuag ua khoom siv yog ib qho txuas ntxiv ntawm kev tsim kev tuag thiab muaj txheej txheem ntawm kev txheeb xyuas qhov tseeb ntawm tus qauv tsim. Qhov zoo, txuag thiab high precision tshuab cov cuab yeej thiab cov khoom siv tsis zoo no yog siv cov pwm niaj hnub no ntau tshaj plaws.Qhov ntiag tug yuav siv 25% mus rau 45% ntawm tag nrho cov cuab yeej time.China tus mould kev ua lag luam tau ua zoo hnub no, tab sis tseem muaj qhov sib txawv loj nrog txawv teb chaws siab tshaj.Qhov zoo ntawm cov khoom tiav yog zoo rau cov precision pwm ua, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov precision thiab qhov chaw roughness ntawm cov pwm kab noj hniav nto.
Hauv qhov tseeb, cov xwm txheej muaj pwm tsis ua hauj lwm muaj xws li:
Cov txheej txheem pwm loj;
Blank pwm khoom;
Kev tsim kev lag luam ntawm cov khoom kub thiab txias (forging, kev kho cua kub, txiav, kev sib tsoo, hluav taws xob, thiab lwm yam);
Kev ua haujlwm ntawm pwm.Thaum kom txhim kho lub neej tuag, nws yuav tsum ua tib zoo soj ntsuam txog qhov ua rau kev puas tsuaj tuag thiab ntau yam kev cuam tshuam, thiab tsim cov tswv yim thiab kev ntsuas kom kov yeej lawv.
Tam sim no, muaj ob hom pwm txoj hauv kev hauv ntiaj teb no: ib qho yog los txhim kho qhov kev txiav txim siab thiab kev lag luam thiab hluav taws xob, kom txo tau cov haujlwm ntawm kev ua tiav, xws li kev loj hlob ntawm lub tshuab muaj nqis high-precision cov cuab yeej thiab cov cuab yeej siv high-speed txoj kev milling cov cav tov thiab lawv cov tswv yim ua, muab lub hauv paus rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm cov txheej txheem no.Ua dua, qhov tseem ceeb ntawm txoj kev sib txeeb thiab sib tsoo, nws lub sij hawm ua, thiab kev ua lag luam, edm ua lub sijhawm yuav luag sib npaug. Nws yog tsim los ntawm ntau qhov chaw, qhov zoo ntawm ib sab ncaj qha rau cuam tshuam qhov zoo ntawm cov pwm, thiab qhov kawg ntawm lub nplij yog guaranteed los ntawm qhov xaus .Ntawm feem ntau tuaj pwm tsim cov chaw ua haujlwm, qhov kawg theem ntawm txoj kev yog feem ntau sib tsoo, hluav taws xob thiab kho cov khoom tu.
Kev sib tsoo ntawm kev tuag hauv lub neej tsis tau tuaj yeem ua rau tib neeg lub siab, vim tias txoj kev sib tsoo tsis zoo, ua rau lub chaw ua haujlwm tawg ntho, sib tsoo cov kab nrig, kev sib tsoo thiab kev sib tsoo, kev rov qab taug kev thiab tuag thaum kev pabcuam ntawm kev ua haujlwm quab yuam, txias thiab cua sov ntawm kev pib tawg ntawm kev pib, qhov loj hauv kev ua hauj lwm lub neej ntawm pwm.
1. Sib tsoo ntawm cov pwm
Tus essence ntawm kev sib txuam txheej txheem yog tus txheej txheem uas cov workpiece yog hauv pem teb mus rau cov hlau nto thiab deforms nyob rau hauv qhov kev txiav txim ntawm extrusion thiab txhuam ntawm qhov instant ntawm countless abrasive particle.Qhov txheej txheem ntawm kev sib tsoo yog characterized by fais fab thiab kub.
Nyob hauv txoj kev sib tsoo, txoj kev ua haujlwm yuav ua kom thermal expansion nyob rau hauv qhov kev txiav txim ntawm kev txiav cua kub. Lub sij hawm no, lub hauv paus hlau kub qis dua, yog li qhov chaw ua rau cov thermal siab siab. Thaum txoj kev sib tsoo tiav lawm, qhov workpiece saum npoo kub zuj zus, vim hais tias qhov saum npoo tau tsim thermal yas deformation thiab txwv los ntawm daim duab, uas ua rau seem tensile Kev ntxhov siab nyob rau ntawm qhov chaw thiab qhov chaw nyob ntawm sab hauv txheej (TOOLOX tool steel muaj cov yam ntxwv ntawm siab zog, tsis muaj kev ntxhov siab thiab ruaj khov thiab loj, thiab yooj yim rau hauv av.)
(2) kev sib tsoo, kev sib tsoo log thiab workpiece qhov chaw txawb, kev sib tsoo log yog tsim thaum cov yas deformation thiab kev sib txhuam ntawm lub log thiab workpiece, yog li tsim ntawm sib tsoo log thiab workpiece loj yog sib npaug, nyob rau hauv kev coj rov ntawm kev sib tsoo force, tib lub sij hawm raws li cov khoom ntim hauv cov yas hlau ua thaum cov khoom siv ua hauj lwm thiab tsim kev sib haum xeeb ntawm cov khoom sib xyaw, kev sib txheeb hauv kev sib xyaw thiab kev kub, sab nraud ntawm lub log thiab cov khoom ua haujlwm thiab ua kom muaj cua sov, qhov sib txoos ntawm qhov sib tsoo ntawm qhov kev sib tsoo tuaj yeem tsim qhov chaw hauv zos instantaneous kub kub li 1000 ℃, thiab cov cua kub hloov ntawm cov hniav sib tsoo tsis yooj yim, yog li 80% ntawm tshav kub hauv artifacts thiab nti, Thiab cov hlau hauv cov khoom hauv lub xeev nrog qhov kev hloov ntawm qhov hloov ntawm lub lattice mus rau lwm txoj kab, hloov cov kev hloov, thaum sib sib zog nqus hlau, txias, nto txheej los tsim theem nrab hardening, ib feem ntawm cov khoom qub uas muab khaws cia rau hauv martensite, thiab th e martensite ntim loj dua, tshwj xeeb ntim qis dua, qhov ntim ntawm qhov kev sib tsoo, yog tias qhov kev sib tsoo tsis zoo, los yog tsis muaj coolant, nto tempering, martensitic transformation, tensile degradation (xws li gamma Fe rau alpha Fe 1% ntim swells,), Cov kev ntxhov siab (qhov kev ntxhov siab nyob ntev tuaj yeem mus txog 500 ~ 1000 MPa), yog tias ntau tshaj qhov khoom tawm txwv, Ntxiv mus, yog hais tias lub pwm tsis kub sai sai tom qab kho cua sov thiab quenching, kev kub ntxhov siab dhau lawm, thiab muaj carbonization. Yog hais tias martensitic los yog residual austenite ntau dhau lawm tom qab tempering, nws yuav tsim theem hloov thiab kev nyuab siab yuav ua rau cov kab nrib pleb ntawm lub npoo ntawm lub workpiece.Qhov kaub puab yog ib hom nplua deg nplaum. Muaj peb hom kev sib tsoo tawg: cov kab khiav ua haujlwm sib txuas, lub koos pij tawj, thiab octagon nrib pleb. Qhov teeb meem tshwm sim ntawm lub keej yog hais txog pwm zoo, thiab kev coj ua ntawm txoj kev tawg yog kev sib txuas ntawm kev sib tsoo ntawm nto ntawm lub workpiece, thiab nws qhov tob yog 0.03 hli.
(3) kev sib tsoo, kev sib tsoo log tsis ntse, ntau npaum li cas ntawm cov khoom noj, thiab tsis txias siab ua workpiece saum npoo kub ntawm 300 ℃, ua rau kub tshwm sim tshwm sim.
2. Ntsuas los txo cov kev tsis zoo hauv kev sib tsoo
Tsis tas li xwb, qhov kev sib txuam tsis zoo yog tsim nyog xaiv, thiab txoj kev nplua hniav zoo nrog ib qho me me ntawm radial noj thiab txawm tias kev sib tsoo zoo yog tsim nyog.Yog hais tias cov roj pub ntau npaum li cas thiab kev sib tsoo lub nrawm qis yuav raug txo kom tsawg, qhov sib tiv tauj ntawm cov hniav sib tsoo thiab cov khoom ua haujlwm raug txo kom tsawg, thiab cov cua kub kis tau zoo tuaj, thiaj li tswj tau qhov kev kub ntxhov ntawm qhov kub tob.
(2) kev xaiv tsim nyog thiab kev hnav khaub ncaws sib tsoo, siv cov cav ntoo sib tsoo dawb dua qub, nws yog qhov nyuaj ntawm qhov nyuaj thiab txhuam, thiab yooj yim los tsim qhov tshiab txiav ntug, yog li txiav quab yuam me me, kev sib tsoo kub yog me, siv nyob rau ntawm qhov loj ntawm qhov loj, xws li 46 ~ 60 mesh zoo dua, nyob hauv kev sib tsoo lub nrig siv thaum muag muag thiab muag muag (ZR1, ZR2 thiab R1, R2), namely, coarse granularity, low hardness ntawm cov hniav sib tsoo, zoo rau tus kheej excitation yuav txo cov cua kub txiav.Thaum xaiv qhov tsim nyog nplua hniav sib tsoo yog qhov tseem ceeb heev, pom ntawm qhov kev tuag ntawm cov hlau tuag nrog high vanadium siab molybdenum, xaiv GD yog tsim rau ib leeg siv lead ua corundum sib tsoo log, thaum ua nyuaj alloy, siab quenching Kev siv cov khoom tshiab, CBN (cubic (lub cubic) boron nitride) kev sib tsoo log qhia tau zoo heev zoo ua haujlwm, ob sab hauv thiab sab nraud lub puab tsaig grinder, jig sib tsoo tshuab, CNC sib tsoo tshuab ntawm cov tiav machining, sib tsoo log yog zoo dua lwm hom.Nyob rau hauv txoj kev sib tsoo, peb yuav tsum them nyiaj rau hnav cov khaub ncaws sib tsoo hauv lub sij hawm thiab khaws cov hniav sib tsoo. Thaum cov hniav sib tsoo lawm, nws yuav txav thiab nyem rau saum npoo ntawm cov khoom ua haujlwm, uas ua rau hlawv rau ntawm qhov chaw ua haujlwm thiab txo qis zog.
Kev siv cov dej txias lubricating kua tau tsim los ua peb lub zog ntawm kev ua kom txias, ntxuav thiab lubrication thiab kom lub txias thiab lubrication huv si, thiaj li tswj tau cov kub ntawm kev sib tsoo hauv ntau qhov kev tso cai thiab tiv thaiv kom txhob thermal deformation ntawm workpiece.Improve lub txias thaum lub caij sib tsoo, xws li siv cov xuab zeb xuab zeb soaking los yog lub thawv txias hauv sab hauv. Qhov txiav cov dej ua ke nkag mus rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm cov hniav sib tsoo. Cov dej ntws tawm tuaj yeem nkag ncaj nraim mus rau hauv thaj chaw sib tsoo los ua si ua haujlwm txias thiab tiv thaiv kom tsis muaj teeb meem ntawm cov khoom siv los ntawm hlawv.
Kev nyuaj siab quenching tom qab kev kho cua sov yog txo kom tsawg, vim hais tias kev quenching kev nyuaj siab thiab reticulated carbonized nyob rau hauv qhov kev txiav txim ntawm kev sib tsoo force, lub microstructure ua theem hloov thiab yooj yim tawg rau lub workpiece.Yuav xav kom tshem tawm qhov kev ntxhov siab nyob sib txuas ntawm kev sib tsoo, precision mould yuav tsum tau kho nrog tsawg kub laus tom qab sib tsoo los txhim kho lub zog.
5. Tshem tawm txoj kev ntxhov siab kuj yuav tuag tau 260 ~ 315 ℃ ntawm ntsev da dej ntawm 1.5 min, thiab tom qab ntawd 30 ℃ cov dej txias, thiaj li tso tau 1 HRC qhov nyuaj, qhov kev ntxhov siab seem ntawm 40% ~ 65%.
Rau kev txiav txim siab ntawm precision pwm nrog qhov siab kam rau me tshaj 0.01 hli, cov pwm yuav tsum xyuam xim rau lub zog ntawm ambient kub thiab yuav tsum muaj qhov sib tsoo kub ntawm qhov sib npaug.Kom xam xyuas, 300 hli ntev hlau, kub 3 ℃, qhov hloov ntawm cov khoom muaj txog 10.8 microns, (10.8 = 1.2 * 3 * 3, 1.2 mu per 100 hli deformation m / ℃), ntau yam kev ua tiav yuav tsum tau xav txog qhov feem xyuam ntawm qhov zoo li no.
Electrochemical sib tsoo yog siv los txhim kho qhov kev txuag thiab qhov zoo ntawm cov khoom tsim kom tuag. Qhov sib tsoo ntawm cov hlau electrolytic, cov hniav sib tsoo oxide zaj duab xis: tsis yog sib tsoo hlau, yog li cov hniav sib tsoo me thiab lub sib tsoo kub yog me me. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov tawg, hlawv los yog hlawv. Ntxiv rau, kev sib tsoo ntawm cov hniav sib tsoo me me, piv txwv li, thaum sib tsoo tawv alloy, qhov kev tshem ntawm silicon carbide sib tsoo log yog li 400% ~ 600% ntawm qhov nyhav ntawm polished nyuaj alloy . Thaum siv lub tshuab electrolytic sib tsoo, txoj kev sib tsoo ntawm kev sib tsoo yog tsuas yog 50% ~ 100% ntawm qhov kev tshem ntawm cov tawv alloy.